英国科学家利用美国宇航局生命中心RCCS^TM微重力生物反应器在脐带血中得到类似胚胎干细胞的细胞

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1. 标题：科学家在脐带血中发现类似胚胎干细胞的细胞

   新华社伦敦8月18日电(记者 曹丽君) 英国科学家近日在脐带血中发现了与胚胎干细胞功能类似的细胞，为利用脐带血中的干细胞治疗疾病带来了很大希望。
  
   英国萨里大学的科学家在最新一期《细胞繁殖》杂志上报告说，他们在人类脐带血中发现的这种“脐带血源类胚胎干细胞(CBE)”虽然不像人类胚胎干细胞那样“原始”，但分化成其他细胞的能力强于骨髓干细胞等成年干细胞。
  
   研究人员在实验室中成功地诱导CBE转化为细胞，他们还证明CBE的表面还具备胚胎干细胞的一些标识，并且会形成胚状体，也就是形成人类胚胎干细胞的关键。
  
   如果CBE确实具备类似人类胚胎干细胞的功能，它将大大推进利用干细胞的疾病治疗。因为胚胎干细胞的培育牵扯到人类胚胎的培育和销毁，引起了广泛的道德争论，脐带血的收集、保存和分化则不存在类似问题。
  
  [新华网]

2. 标题：脐带血中存在类似于胚胎干细胞的细胞

科技部《基础科学研究快报》发布时间：2005-10-28
英国Kingston大学colin P．McGuckin研究小组与美国得克萨斯大学研究人员合 作，在脐带血中提取出一种类似于胚胎干细胞的细胞一一脐带血源类胚胎干细胞(CBE)。他们发现，这种干细胞虽然不如人类胚胎干细胞那样原始，但其分化为其它 干细胞的能力要强于成年干细胞。研究人员并在实验室中成功将其诱导转化为肝细 胞。研究人员还研究发现，CBE表面还存在胚胎干细胞的一些标识，并且会形成胚 状体——这原是胚胎干细胞形成的特有的细胞聚集体。相关研究论文发表在2005年 8月Cell Proliferation，38(4)：245—256上。

3.

News
Strictly embargoed to 00.01 BST London time, 18th August 2005.
Michael Williams
Press Officer
Telephone 020 8547 7952, press@kingston.ac.uk
 
18 August 2005
 
***NEWS RELEASE***
 
BREAKTHROUGH HERALDS NEW ERA IN STEM CELL RESEARCH
干细胞研究的突破
 
A breakthrough in human stem cell research, producing embryonic-like cells from umbilical cord blood may substantially speed up the development of treatments for life-threatening illnesses, injuries and disabilities. The discovery made during a project undertaken with experts from the University of Texas Medical Branch and the Synthecon Corporation in the United States provides medical researchers and physicians with an ethical and reliable source of human stem cells for the first time.
 
The study, funded by the UK Government’s Department of Trade and Industry, is led by Dr Colin McGuckin and Dr Nico Forraz from Kingston University’s School of Life Sciences. It represents a significant step forward in the fast-developing field of stem cell research. Until now, experts have struggled to find a supply of cells in sufficient numbers that does not offend previous critics of stem cell research. The latest advance looks set to overcome such difficulties.
 
The trans-Atlantic team has been working with Drs Randall Urban, Larry Denner and Ronald Tilton from the University of Texas Medical Branch in Galveston. They have been using bioreactors at the Synthecon Corporation base in Houston enabling them to produce stem cells sharing many of the same characteristics as cells found in embryos. Research has so far relied on so-called adult cells found in blood and bone marrow from birth onwards or cells grown from embryos. The new type detected by the team harnesses the benefits of both. “We have found a unique group of cells that bring together the essential qualities of both types of stem cells for the first time,” Dr McGuckin said.
 
The researcher’s findings, may bring renewed hope to people awaiting treatment for a range of serious illnesses such as Diabetes, Alzheimer’s Disease and multiple sclerosis. “Acquiring stem cells from embryos also has major limitations because it is difficult to obtain enough cells to transplant as well as getting the right tissue type for the patient,” Dr McGuckin said. “Using cord blood gets over that obstacle because we can produce more stem cells and, with a global birth rate of 100 million babies a year, there is a better chance of getting the right tissue type for the many patients out there waiting for stem cell therapy. There is also far less likelihood of such cells being rejected when they are transplanted into people with liver disease, for example.”
 
The team has taken its first steps towards proving its claims by growing defined liver tissue using the new cell type. By making use of special NASA-derived technology, the team is able to cultivate greater numbers of cells in equipment mimicking the effects of space microgravity. “Using Synthecon’s bioreactors, originally designed by NASA, means the cells are able to expand faster, giving us a greater supply to work with,” Dr Forraz said. “This system provides more cells for more tests, so we have the potential to make significant progress in applying the new cells to cure difficult to treat conditions such as juvenile diabetes, stroke, heart and liver disease.”
 
Dr Urban who chairs UTMB’s Internal Medicine department and serves as director of its Stark Diabetes Centre said he looked forward to the next phase of what was proving to be a fruitful collaboration. “We plan to use this technology to engineer pancreatic tissue as we work towards our goal of developing a cure for type 1 diabetes,” he added.
 
The team’s report will be published in the Cell Proliferation Journal on 18 August.
–ENDS–
· For further information, please contact Michael Williams at the Kingston University Press Office on +44 (0)20 8547 7952 or email press@kingston.ac.uk. Alternatively, please call Jim Kelly at the UTMB Office of Public Affairs on (409) 772-8791 or email jpkelly@utmb.edu.
· A report outlining the scientists’ findings can be viewed at www.blackwell-synergy.com.
· Further information on stem cell research being undertaken at Kingston University can be found at www.kingston.ac.uk/bpsrg. Additional details about latest developments at UTMB can be found at http://intmed.utmb.edu/endocrine.
Kingston University: With more than 18,000 students, Kingston University is the largest provider of higher education in South West London, offering an extensive range of undergraduate and postgraduate programmes. Government assessors have rated the University’s teaching quality as excellent in 16 subject areas. In its most recent league table, The Sunday Times highlighted Kingston’s teaching quality, describing it as a vocational university with a fine teaching record and praised the University for producing some of the best paid graduates in the United Kingdom.
 
UTMB: The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston (UTMB) opened in 1891. It was Texas’ first medical school and is recognised as a major academic heath centre. Among its areas of research strength are infectious diseases, vaccine development, neuroscience, pain management and stroke treatment, gastro-intestinal health, environmental health and asthma, cancer, molecular medicine, aging and diabetes. UTMB’s Nelda C. and H.J. Stark Diabetes Center was opened in June 2001 following a generous grant from the Stark Foundation of Orange, Texas.
　

4.有关报道:
http://www.newscientist.com/article.ns?id=dn7864
http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/health/4157362.stm
http://www.biospace.com/news_story.cfm?StoryID=20912320